Cathedrals in Europe - beginning c. 1100
The word 'cathedral' comes from the Greek word meaning 'chair'. A cathedral is the seat of authority for a bishop. A bishop is like a supervisor. A bishop presides over a particular cathedral. The churches that are in his district make up the diocese. A cathedral is usually a large, city church, but it can also be a church of any size or style.
The style of most buildings up to this time was called 'Romanesque', but now a new style was emerging, one which had pointed instead of rounded arches. It was called 'Gothic' and it appeared to be barbaric to the Italians. Skilled men spent their whole lives working on these buildings. After they died, their sons would continue the work on the building until it was finished.
Buttresses, tall windows, and floor plans laid out in the shape of a cross were the characteristics of the style of these buildings. The tallest cathedral in the world is in Ulm, Germany. The largest cathedral is in Cologne, Germany. Two examples of this type of architecture are in Westminster in London, and, Notre Dame in Paris. The cathedral in Cologne took about 600 years to finish.
The sad part of the building of cathedrals was the cost. It was very expensive. So, one way that was worked out to raise money was for the church to make and sell 'indulgences', which were slips of people that promised the person buying it would earn favor with God. The people misunderstood and bought these slips of paper thinking that it would help them earn their way to heaven. If they only knew what the Bible says about how a person is saved. A person can never earn salvation. Only one person was able to purchase salvation for everyone. We get in on His score, not on anything we do. We have to turn from our sin and turn to God. We must trust in what Jesus did on the Cross for our salvation. It was completely paid for. And we can be thankful for that.
The building of St. Peter's Cathedral in Rome is most famous instance of the false promise of indulgences. It is a very elaborate, I'm sure, but it was paid for by people who falsely believed that they could enter heaven because of their investment in indulgences. We know better today.
Wednesday, February 29, 2012
Today in History - February 29, 1736 - Shaker Founder is Born
Shaker Founder is Born - February 29, 1736
Today in the year 1736, Ann Lee, founder of a religious sect was born. This religious sect, known as the Shakers, broke off from the Quakers. Ann Lee, was a woman who wanted equality between the sexes, celibacy, and communal living. This is the name of her group; the United Society of Believers in Christ's Second Appearing.
Today there are a few Shakers still living at Sabbathday Lake, Maine.
You can read more at: www.history.com/this-day-in-history/shaker-founder-born
Today in the year 1736, Ann Lee, founder of a religious sect was born. This religious sect, known as the Shakers, broke off from the Quakers. Ann Lee, was a woman who wanted equality between the sexes, celibacy, and communal living. This is the name of her group; the United Society of Believers in Christ's Second Appearing.
Today there are a few Shakers still living at Sabbathday Lake, Maine.
You can read more at: www.history.com/this-day-in-history/shaker-founder-born
Tuesday, February 28, 2012
True History - Veritas Card # 13 (Orange Card) - William the Conqueror and the Battle of Hastings
William the Conqueror and the Battle of Hastings - 1066
How would you like to be crowned king on Christmas Day? William the Conqueror, who was the duke ruling over Normandy (in France), claimed to be a Christian, although his life seemed to represent some Viking features. They worshiped the god 'Woden' and lived very much like pirates. Although they called themselves Christians, you have to wonder if they really understood the message of the Gospel.
Two events happened at the same time. Alfred the Great, who also claimed to be a Christian, gave the Danes part of England, while the French king gave the Norsemen part of France, which was called 'Normandy'.
At this time, William was not happy with just being a duke. He really wanted to be the king of England. There was an English prince named 'Harold' who was shipwrecked on the coast of Normandy. He was caught and brought before William and William decided to take advantage of the situation. He made Harold promise that when he became king, Harold would give England to William and William would be king. Harold did become king, but he did not keep his promise. This angered William so William had Harold killed and crowned himself King of England on Christmas Day! This Battle was known as the 'Battle of Hastings'. William marched into London and proclaimed himself king.
However, William only remained a duke in France, even though he thought of himself as the king of England. France and England were at odds with each other through the next eight centuries. The English kings were trying to protect their holdings in France. Battles and arguments continued. This is the pattern of the History of mankind. Human beings are never satisfied with what they have given to them. They have always, and will always want more. This will happen until we are in the next life (called the Regeneration). Until then, we need the help of God to live godly lives and to get along with other people.
How would you like to be crowned king on Christmas Day? William the Conqueror, who was the duke ruling over Normandy (in France), claimed to be a Christian, although his life seemed to represent some Viking features. They worshiped the god 'Woden' and lived very much like pirates. Although they called themselves Christians, you have to wonder if they really understood the message of the Gospel.
Two events happened at the same time. Alfred the Great, who also claimed to be a Christian, gave the Danes part of England, while the French king gave the Norsemen part of France, which was called 'Normandy'.
At this time, William was not happy with just being a duke. He really wanted to be the king of England. There was an English prince named 'Harold' who was shipwrecked on the coast of Normandy. He was caught and brought before William and William decided to take advantage of the situation. He made Harold promise that when he became king, Harold would give England to William and William would be king. Harold did become king, but he did not keep his promise. This angered William so William had Harold killed and crowned himself King of England on Christmas Day! This Battle was known as the 'Battle of Hastings'. William marched into London and proclaimed himself king.
However, William only remained a duke in France, even though he thought of himself as the king of England. France and England were at odds with each other through the next eight centuries. The English kings were trying to protect their holdings in France. Battles and arguments continued. This is the pattern of the History of mankind. Human beings are never satisfied with what they have given to them. They have always, and will always want more. This will happen until we are in the next life (called the Regeneration). Until then, we need the help of God to live godly lives and to get along with other people.
Today in History - February 28, 1953 - Watson and Crick Discover DNA Structure
Watson and Crick Discover Chemical Structure of DNA - February 28, 1953
This one is important for us to be aware of, because, with the discovery of the chemical structure of DNA, came a whole bunch of ideas and speculations on evolution. If a person already has a foundation of evolution being a proven fact, he or she will build theories and thinking based upon that.
There is a book by Jonathan Wells called 'Icons of Evolution' that is an excellent read. www.amazon.com/Icons-Evolution-Science-Teach-About/dp/0895262002/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1330444211&sr=8-1
As you read articles such as this one about Watson and Crick, keep in mind that evolution (the theory that human beings evolved from other animals or forms of life) is only a theory, not a proven fact. I find it amazing when talking with evolutionists, that they hold the view that evolution is a proven fact. They obviously haven't researched it, or they wouldn't be saying that. It goes to show, that if an authority figure (such as Richard Dawkins) says a particular thing, and if we want to believe it is true, we will use the words of the authority figure as a base for what is true or false. Instead of doing the research for ourselves, the words of an authority figure serve us as a smoke screen to cover a bigger, different reality.
Here is an excerpt from the article from www.history.com:
This one is important for us to be aware of, because, with the discovery of the chemical structure of DNA, came a whole bunch of ideas and speculations on evolution. If a person already has a foundation of evolution being a proven fact, he or she will build theories and thinking based upon that.
There is a book by Jonathan Wells called 'Icons of Evolution' that is an excellent read. www.amazon.com/Icons-Evolution-Science-Teach-About/dp/0895262002/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1330444211&sr=8-1
As you read articles such as this one about Watson and Crick, keep in mind that evolution (the theory that human beings evolved from other animals or forms of life) is only a theory, not a proven fact. I find it amazing when talking with evolutionists, that they hold the view that evolution is a proven fact. They obviously haven't researched it, or they wouldn't be saying that. It goes to show, that if an authority figure (such as Richard Dawkins) says a particular thing, and if we want to believe it is true, we will use the words of the authority figure as a base for what is true or false. Instead of doing the research for ourselves, the words of an authority figure serve us as a smoke screen to cover a bigger, different reality.
Here is an excerpt from the article from www.history.com:
On this day in 1953, Cambridge University scientists James D. Watson and Frances H.C. Crick announce that they have determined the double-helix structure of DNA, the molecule containing human genes.
Though DNA--short for deoxyribonucleic acid--was discovered in 1869, its crucial role in determining genetic inheritance wasn't demonstrated until 1943. In the early 1950s, Watson and Crick were only two of many scientists working on figuring out the structure of DNA. California chemist Linus Pauling suggested an incorrect model at the beginning of 1953, prompting Watson and Crick to try and beat Pauling at his own game. On the morning of February 28, they determined that the structure of DNA was a double-helix polymer, or a spiral of two DNA strands, each containing a long chain of monomer nucleotides, wound around each other. According to their findings, DNA replicated itself by separating into individual strands, each of which became the template for a new double helix. In his best-selling book, The Double Helix (1968), Watson later claimed that Crick announced the discovery by walking into the nearby Eagle Pub and blurting out that "we had found the secret of life." The truth wasn’t that far off, as Watson and Crick had solved a fundamental mystery of science--how it was possible for genetic instructions to be held inside organisms and passed from generation to generation.
Read the rest of the article at: www.history.com/this-day-in-history
Monday, February 27, 2012
True History - Veritas Card # 12 (Orange Card) - The Feudal System
The Feudal System - 1000 - 1400
The feudal system was the social system during the Middle Ages. After the fall of Charlemagne's Empire, chaos set in. There was a short time of rest during the revival of the Empire under Otto I.
From the time of the fall of Adam, up to today, mankind has never learned to live in peace with one another. People are always fighting. This is evidence that the Bible is true. It tells about how Adam sinned when God told him and Eve not to eat the fruit of the Knowledge of Good and Evil tree. But they listened to Satan and did what he tempted them to do, and they plunged the whole human race into sin.
We see the first murder taking place between two of Adam and Eve's sons, Cain and Abel. And it continues throughout history, and always will be until this age is over.
We are dealing again with the destruction of the Barbarians. Because of their destructive acts, it caused a need for defense to rise up. That was why the Feudal system came into being. It protected the European culture from the attacks of the Barbarian tribes.
Here is how the system worked; The king, or overlord, would give land to a vassal. The vassal would serve in the military for exchange of land. They had sub-vassals under them, who also received parts of their lands. There was a hierarchy for this system. At the top was the king, or overlord. Under the king was the vassal. Under the vassal was the sub-vassal and the lesser nobles. Under them were the knights. Under the knights were the freemen. And under the freemen were the serfs. The serfs were kind of like slaves and were owned by the overlord (king). It was possible for kings to be overthrown, if enough nobles got together and rose up against the king. Because of their sinful hearts, the nobles usually fought against each other. The feudal system ended when kings gained power over their nobles. The power of the nobles was broken by the church and the rising middle-class merchants.
The feudal system was the social system during the Middle Ages. After the fall of Charlemagne's Empire, chaos set in. There was a short time of rest during the revival of the Empire under Otto I.
From the time of the fall of Adam, up to today, mankind has never learned to live in peace with one another. People are always fighting. This is evidence that the Bible is true. It tells about how Adam sinned when God told him and Eve not to eat the fruit of the Knowledge of Good and Evil tree. But they listened to Satan and did what he tempted them to do, and they plunged the whole human race into sin.
We see the first murder taking place between two of Adam and Eve's sons, Cain and Abel. And it continues throughout history, and always will be until this age is over.
We are dealing again with the destruction of the Barbarians. Because of their destructive acts, it caused a need for defense to rise up. That was why the Feudal system came into being. It protected the European culture from the attacks of the Barbarian tribes.
Here is how the system worked; The king, or overlord, would give land to a vassal. The vassal would serve in the military for exchange of land. They had sub-vassals under them, who also received parts of their lands. There was a hierarchy for this system. At the top was the king, or overlord. Under the king was the vassal. Under the vassal was the sub-vassal and the lesser nobles. Under them were the knights. Under the knights were the freemen. And under the freemen were the serfs. The serfs were kind of like slaves and were owned by the overlord (king). It was possible for kings to be overthrown, if enough nobles got together and rose up against the king. Because of their sinful hearts, the nobles usually fought against each other. The feudal system ended when kings gained power over their nobles. The power of the nobles was broken by the church and the rising middle-class merchants.
True History - February 27, 1964 - Leaning Tower Needs Help
Leaning Tower Needs Help - February 27, 1964
It had been decided by the Italian government, that this was the time the Leaning Tower of Pisa needed help. It was leaning 17 feet to the south, and would continue to increase the lean by a fraction of an inch every year.
The structure was built during the Middle Ages, and there was risk of having it topple over if a storm or earthquake would appear. Restoration activity began in 1999 to help this building to become stable once again.
Read more of the article at: www.history.com/this-day-in-history/leaning-tower-needs-help
It had been decided by the Italian government, that this was the time the Leaning Tower of Pisa needed help. It was leaning 17 feet to the south, and would continue to increase the lean by a fraction of an inch every year.
The structure was built during the Middle Ages, and there was risk of having it topple over if a storm or earthquake would appear. Restoration activity began in 1999 to help this building to become stable once again.
Read more of the article at: www.history.com/this-day-in-history/leaning-tower-needs-help
Sunday, February 26, 2012
True History - Veritas Card #11 (Orange Card) - The East-West Schism
The East-West Schism - 1054
In 1054, there were two distinct churches, one in the east (Greek speaking) and one in the west (Latin churches). Because of the distance, the two churches had been drifting apart for some time. The problem that put the icing on the cake was when Pope Leo IX had an assistant who decided to excommunicate Patriarch Michael Cerularius. As a response to that action, Patriarch Michael Cerularius excommunicated the Pope!
There was another issue that caused tension between the east and the west. After the Nicene Creed had been written and established, the Western Church decided to add a word of clarification to it. They did not present this to the Eastern Church, and the Eastern Church objected to the way the West changed the creed. The Western Church was trying to prevent Arianism from coming up again (Arianism is the belief that Jesus is not God in the flesh). Also, there were differences in ideas of church government between the two groups.
So, after these things took place, the church was fully divided and no longer working together. The Roman Catholic Church was in the west, and the Greek Orthodox Church was in the east.
In 1054, there were two distinct churches, one in the east (Greek speaking) and one in the west (Latin churches). Because of the distance, the two churches had been drifting apart for some time. The problem that put the icing on the cake was when Pope Leo IX had an assistant who decided to excommunicate Patriarch Michael Cerularius. As a response to that action, Patriarch Michael Cerularius excommunicated the Pope!
There was another issue that caused tension between the east and the west. After the Nicene Creed had been written and established, the Western Church decided to add a word of clarification to it. They did not present this to the Eastern Church, and the Eastern Church objected to the way the West changed the creed. The Western Church was trying to prevent Arianism from coming up again (Arianism is the belief that Jesus is not God in the flesh). Also, there were differences in ideas of church government between the two groups.
So, after these things took place, the church was fully divided and no longer working together. The Roman Catholic Church was in the west, and the Greek Orthodox Church was in the east.
Thursday, February 23, 2012
True History - Veritas Card #10 (Orange Card) - Otto I and the Holy Roman Empire
Otto I and the Holy Roman Empire - 962-973
Charlemagne had three grandsons who ruled the kingdom after his death. The kingdom was divided among the three grandsons by the Treaty of Verdun. Around 100 years later, Otto I became king of Germany in 936. Germany was the eastern part of Charlemagne's kingdom. Otto wanted more power, so the dukes of Germany, who acted separately from Otto, were made vassals, and they became under Otto's domain.
It was at this time in history that popes were selected by the Noble families of Rome. Because of the nature of the change in noble families, there were many different popes selected. There were 23 different popes in a 60 year period! Now here something tricky happened. The pope at this time, Pope John XII, saw that Otto was a strong leader, and he asked Otto for help. He needed help so that the papacy would not keep changing. He wanted stability in the papacy, for he knew that with the next family ruling Rome, there would be another pope selected, and he would be out! So, in exchange for the help, this pope made Otto I the Holy Roman Emperor on February 2, 962.
Since Otto was now Holy Roman Emperor, he was able to reunite the empire in the west. The Treaty of Verdun, which was in 843, provided for the Middle Kingdom to be under Germanic control. The Holy Roman Empire remained distinctly German until 1806, when Napoleon rose to power.
Charlemagne had three grandsons who ruled the kingdom after his death. The kingdom was divided among the three grandsons by the Treaty of Verdun. Around 100 years later, Otto I became king of Germany in 936. Germany was the eastern part of Charlemagne's kingdom. Otto wanted more power, so the dukes of Germany, who acted separately from Otto, were made vassals, and they became under Otto's domain.
It was at this time in history that popes were selected by the Noble families of Rome. Because of the nature of the change in noble families, there were many different popes selected. There were 23 different popes in a 60 year period! Now here something tricky happened. The pope at this time, Pope John XII, saw that Otto was a strong leader, and he asked Otto for help. He needed help so that the papacy would not keep changing. He wanted stability in the papacy, for he knew that with the next family ruling Rome, there would be another pope selected, and he would be out! So, in exchange for the help, this pope made Otto I the Holy Roman Emperor on February 2, 962.
Since Otto was now Holy Roman Emperor, he was able to reunite the empire in the west. The Treaty of Verdun, which was in 843, provided for the Middle Kingdom to be under Germanic control. The Holy Roman Empire remained distinctly German until 1806, when Napoleon rose to power.
Today in History - February 23, 1940 - Woody Guthrie write 'This Land is Your Land'
Woody Guthrie writes 'This Land is Your Land' - February 23, 1940
I remember singing this song when I was in elementary school. Today it has become the rallying song for the Civil Rights Movement.
Here are the Lyrics to the chorus of the song:
I remember singing this song when I was in elementary school. Today it has become the rallying song for the Civil Rights Movement.
Here are the Lyrics to the chorus of the song:
This land is your land, this land is my land From California, to the New York Island From the redwood forest, to the gulf stream waters This land was made for you and me As I was walking a ribbon of highway I saw above me an endless skyway I saw below me a golden valley This land was made for you and me
/www.arlo.net/resources/lyrics/this-land.shtml
True History - Veritas Card #9 - Alfred the Great
Alfred the Great - 871-901
Yesterday we studied about Charlemagne, aka, Charles the Great. Today we are going to learn about Alfred the Great. Both of these men had something in common, and that is why they were great.
The Kingdom of England was once called the Kingdom of Wessex. At this point, there were still battles with the Vikings, and Danish Vikings came over to England to take over the country. Alfred the Great ruled Wessex at this time. He had many battles with the Danes, and finally won the Battle of Edington in 878. Alfred captured London in 886. He also unified the south and south western parts of England. Supposedly, Olaf Tryggvesson, who was the King of Norway, became a Christian at this time. It happened while he was leading the Viking raids in England. Then he went back to Norway, and wanted Norway and Iceland to become Christian countries.
Because of the destructiveness of the Danish Vikings, education was almost lost in England, but Alfred restored the kingdom. One of the things he did was to promote Christian education in his kingdom. He started schools with the foundation of the tenets of the Christian faith. He also worked on Biblical translations in order to promote education. Some of the laws the he enforced came right out of the book of Exodus! It was a good thing that Alfred the Great accomplished many virtuous goals, for if he hadn't done that, England may have stayed in the darkness of paganism, and would have missed the glorious time of light that God allowed England to have in this time period.
Yesterday we studied about Charlemagne, aka, Charles the Great. Today we are going to learn about Alfred the Great. Both of these men had something in common, and that is why they were great.
The Kingdom of England was once called the Kingdom of Wessex. At this point, there were still battles with the Vikings, and Danish Vikings came over to England to take over the country. Alfred the Great ruled Wessex at this time. He had many battles with the Danes, and finally won the Battle of Edington in 878. Alfred captured London in 886. He also unified the south and south western parts of England. Supposedly, Olaf Tryggvesson, who was the King of Norway, became a Christian at this time. It happened while he was leading the Viking raids in England. Then he went back to Norway, and wanted Norway and Iceland to become Christian countries.
Because of the destructiveness of the Danish Vikings, education was almost lost in England, but Alfred restored the kingdom. One of the things he did was to promote Christian education in his kingdom. He started schools with the foundation of the tenets of the Christian faith. He also worked on Biblical translations in order to promote education. Some of the laws the he enforced came right out of the book of Exodus! It was a good thing that Alfred the Great accomplished many virtuous goals, for if he hadn't done that, England may have stayed in the darkness of paganism, and would have missed the glorious time of light that God allowed England to have in this time period.
Wednesday, February 22, 2012
Today in History - February 22, 1917 - Mussolini Wounded by Mortar Bomb
Mussolini Wounded By Mortar Bomb - February 22, 1917
Here is the first part of the article from www.history.com
Here is the first part of the article from www.history.com
On February 22, 1917, Sergeant Benito Mussolini is wounded by the accidental explosion of a mortar bomb on the Isonzo section of the Italian Front in World War I.
Born in Predappio, Italy, in 1883, the son of a blacksmith and a teacher, Mussolini was well-read, largely self-educated and had worked as a schoolteacher and a socialist journalist. He was arrested and jailed for leading demonstrations in the Forli province against the Italian war in Libya in 1911-12. The editor of Avanti!, the Socialist Party newsletter in Milan, Mussolini was one of the most effective socialist journalists in Europe. In 1912, at the age of 29, he took the reins of the Italian Socialist Party at the Congress of Reggio Emilia, preaching a strict Marxist socialism that prompted Vladimir Lenin to write in a Russian publication that The party of the Italian socialist proletariat has taken the right path.
You can read more at: www.history.com/this-day-in-history/mussolini-wounded-by-mortar-bomb
Tuesday, February 21, 2012
True History - Veritas Card #8 - Charles Martel, Pepin the Short, and Charlemagne
Charles Martel, Pepin the Short, and Charlemagne - 714-814
First we have Charles Martel, who was the hero of the Battle of Tours. He had a son named Pepin the Short, who followed his father in the same high office. Pepin the Short had a son named Charlemagne. Charlemagne was also known as 'Charles the Great'.
In the Battle of Tours, Charles Martel stopped the Muslims from conquering Christian Europe. He was the practical leader of the Franks, who were later known as the French.
Pepin the Short went further than his father. After placing King Childeric in a monastery, he took over the throne, then asked the blessing of the pope (Pope Zacharias). Pepin was crowned king in 751. After this happened, people mistakenly thought that the pope had the right to give and take away kingdoms. This led in part to the reestablishment of the western empire. It also was the beginning of a struggle of the papacy and the Empire, which became a dominant theme of the Middle Ages.
After Pepin died, his son, Charlemagne and his brother ruled, until the brother died. Then Charlemagne ruled alone. Charlemagne was made Holy Roman Emperor by the pope in the year 800. Here are some of the things Charlemagne sought to establish:
1. law and order
2. civilization
3. Christianity as the true religion
Charlemagne's favorite book was The City of God (Augustine). His realm covered Northern Italy, the northeast portion of Spain, France, Belgium, the Netherlands, most of Germany and Austria. He was reported to be a great leader.
First we have Charles Martel, who was the hero of the Battle of Tours. He had a son named Pepin the Short, who followed his father in the same high office. Pepin the Short had a son named Charlemagne. Charlemagne was also known as 'Charles the Great'.
In the Battle of Tours, Charles Martel stopped the Muslims from conquering Christian Europe. He was the practical leader of the Franks, who were later known as the French.
Pepin the Short went further than his father. After placing King Childeric in a monastery, he took over the throne, then asked the blessing of the pope (Pope Zacharias). Pepin was crowned king in 751. After this happened, people mistakenly thought that the pope had the right to give and take away kingdoms. This led in part to the reestablishment of the western empire. It also was the beginning of a struggle of the papacy and the Empire, which became a dominant theme of the Middle Ages.
After Pepin died, his son, Charlemagne and his brother ruled, until the brother died. Then Charlemagne ruled alone. Charlemagne was made Holy Roman Emperor by the pope in the year 800. Here are some of the things Charlemagne sought to establish:
1. law and order
2. civilization
3. Christianity as the true religion
Charlemagne's favorite book was The City of God (Augustine). His realm covered Northern Italy, the northeast portion of Spain, France, Belgium, the Netherlands, most of Germany and Austria. He was reported to be a great leader.
Today in History - February 21, 1848 - Karl Marx Publishes Manifesto
Karl Marx Publishes Manifesto - February 21, 1848
Although Karl Marx published this book in 1848, it did not have a serious impact on society until later on. Here is the article from www.history.com on this subject for today:
Although Karl Marx published this book in 1848, it did not have a serious impact on society until later on. Here is the article from www.history.com on this subject for today:
On February 21, 1848, The Communist Manifesto, written by Karl Marx with the assistance of Friedrich Engels, is published in London by a group of German-born revolutionary socialists known as the Communist League. The political pamphlet--arguably the most influential in history--proclaimed that "the history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles" and that the inevitable victory of the proletariat, or working class, would put an end to class society forever. Originally published in German as Manifest der Kommunistischen Partei ("Manifesto of the Communist Party"), the work had little immediate impact. Its ideas, however, reverberated with increasing force into the 20th century, and by 1950 nearly half the world's population lived under Marxist governments.
It is unfortunate that people gravitate toward Communism. Communism gives the power to the governing authorities and leaves little to no freedom for the subjects of that kingdom. It is being taught in our colleges as something to be desired for the leadership of the country. But it will turn on us once it happens and we will regret allowing it to ever come about, in the first place.
True History - Veritas Card #7 - Mohammed and Islam
Mohammed and Islam - 570-632
I'm sure by now most of the readers have heard of Mohammed. One of the world's major religions, Islam, was founded by Him. Mohammed never learned how to read or write, but he still had skills that he used to help him in his newly found religion. As a young man, he became a camel-driver. He was hired by a wealthy Arabian woman named Khadijah, to care for her camel caravan. Somehow, they got to know each other and became man and wife.
As time went on, Mohammed went into a desert cave to study and think. It was at this time that he believed he had an encounter with the angel Gabriel, who told him that Allah (the god that the Muslims worship) wanted him to teach the people about Islam. (Islam means submission). His wife, family and friends became his followers, and were called 'Muslims' (those who submit). Some people wanted to get rid of him, so they made plans to kill Mohammed. Mohammed found out and fled to Medina.
The religion of Islam is composed of 5 tenets. These tenets are called 'pillars'. Here is what they are:
1. Muslims have to confess that there is one god, and Mohammed is his prophet.
2. Muslims must pray 5 times a day, facing Mecca.
3. Muslims must give alms (money for charity).
4. Muslims must fast one month each year (Ramadan).
5. Muslims must go on a pilgrimage once in their life time to Mecca.
As you can see, Islam is a religion based on works. They believe that if a person has done well in keeping these 5 tenets, Allah will let them into heaven. They do not have assurance that they have met the goal, nor do they know how well they have kept the tenets. They believe that the angel Gabriel gave these teachings to Mohammed. But the teachings do not match what is in the Scriptures about God, salvation, eternal life, or Jesus. The teachings of Islam are kept in a book called the 'Quran' which they believe are inspired by God. If the Bible is true, then Islam can't be true and vice-versa. Only one can be right. Jesus claimed to be the only way to heaven. Either we will believe His words, or we will face an eternity without God.
Islam was spread by the Arabs in the lands of the Middle East, North Africa, and Spain. Today Islam is growing at a rapid pace. It also ties in with political powers. It is a very aggressive religion which has no tolerance for people who do not embrace the Muslim faith.
I'm sure by now most of the readers have heard of Mohammed. One of the world's major religions, Islam, was founded by Him. Mohammed never learned how to read or write, but he still had skills that he used to help him in his newly found religion. As a young man, he became a camel-driver. He was hired by a wealthy Arabian woman named Khadijah, to care for her camel caravan. Somehow, they got to know each other and became man and wife.
As time went on, Mohammed went into a desert cave to study and think. It was at this time that he believed he had an encounter with the angel Gabriel, who told him that Allah (the god that the Muslims worship) wanted him to teach the people about Islam. (Islam means submission). His wife, family and friends became his followers, and were called 'Muslims' (those who submit). Some people wanted to get rid of him, so they made plans to kill Mohammed. Mohammed found out and fled to Medina.
The religion of Islam is composed of 5 tenets. These tenets are called 'pillars'. Here is what they are:
1. Muslims have to confess that there is one god, and Mohammed is his prophet.
2. Muslims must pray 5 times a day, facing Mecca.
3. Muslims must give alms (money for charity).
4. Muslims must fast one month each year (Ramadan).
5. Muslims must go on a pilgrimage once in their life time to Mecca.
As you can see, Islam is a religion based on works. They believe that if a person has done well in keeping these 5 tenets, Allah will let them into heaven. They do not have assurance that they have met the goal, nor do they know how well they have kept the tenets. They believe that the angel Gabriel gave these teachings to Mohammed. But the teachings do not match what is in the Scriptures about God, salvation, eternal life, or Jesus. The teachings of Islam are kept in a book called the 'Quran' which they believe are inspired by God. If the Bible is true, then Islam can't be true and vice-versa. Only one can be right. Jesus claimed to be the only way to heaven. Either we will believe His words, or we will face an eternity without God.
Islam was spread by the Arabs in the lands of the Middle East, North Africa, and Spain. Today Islam is growing at a rapid pace. It also ties in with political powers. It is a very aggressive religion which has no tolerance for people who do not embrace the Muslim faith.
Monday, February 20, 2012
Today in History - February 20, 1986 -Chunnel Plans are Announced
Chunnel Plans Announced - February 20, 1986
Plans were being made to build an underwater tunnel from France to Britain. Napoleon originally came up with a blueprint for a tunnel in 1802. Cars, busses and trains would be able to speed through this 'Chunnel' at less than a half an hour, which was now in the making. The Chunnel was completed in 1994. For the complete story on this, go to www.history.com/this-day-in-history/chunnel-plans-announced
Plans were being made to build an underwater tunnel from France to Britain. Napoleon originally came up with a blueprint for a tunnel in 1802. Cars, busses and trains would be able to speed through this 'Chunnel' at less than a half an hour, which was now in the making. The Chunnel was completed in 1994. For the complete story on this, go to www.history.com/this-day-in-history/chunnel-plans-announced
Sunday, February 19, 2012
True History - Veritas Card # 6 (Orange Card) - Justinian the Great
Justinian the Great - 527-565
Justinian the Great was one of the best rulers of the Byzantine Empire, which was the eastern part of the divided Roman Empire. This Byzantine Empire had to fight off the German tribes which were destroying the empire. The Empire in the western part was already destroyed.
Justinian the Great also destroyed the Vandals and the Goths. His desire was the reestablish the old Roman Empire. He also tried to eliminate the remains of paganism, and published a book called, a Code of Law. It was a condensation of Roman law and it adapted to the needs of a Christian society. People received this book gladly.
Also, Justinian built the Church of Hagia Sophia, which means 'divine wisdom', in Constantinople. This church building is an example of Byzantine architecture. Many Eastern church buildings were decorated with paintings and mosaics.
After Justinian the Great died, the Empire fell into disorder once again.
Justinian the Great was one of the best rulers of the Byzantine Empire, which was the eastern part of the divided Roman Empire. This Byzantine Empire had to fight off the German tribes which were destroying the empire. The Empire in the western part was already destroyed.
Justinian the Great also destroyed the Vandals and the Goths. His desire was the reestablish the old Roman Empire. He also tried to eliminate the remains of paganism, and published a book called, a Code of Law. It was a condensation of Roman law and it adapted to the needs of a Christian society. People received this book gladly.
Also, Justinian built the Church of Hagia Sophia, which means 'divine wisdom', in Constantinople. This church building is an example of Byzantine architecture. Many Eastern church buildings were decorated with paintings and mosaics.
After Justinian the Great died, the Empire fell into disorder once again.
Friday, February 17, 2012
Today in History - February 17, 1820 - Senate Passes Missouri Compromise
Senate Passes Missouri Compromise in 1820
Our new country continued to make new strides. Here is the definition of the Missouri Compromise from www.socialstudiesforkids.com/wwww/us/missouricompromisedef.htm
Missouri Compromise
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Thursday, February 16, 2012
True History - Veritas Card #5 - St. Benedict and Monasticism
St. Benedict and Monasticism - c. 540
Did you know the Greek word 'Monk' means solitary? How would you imagine a monk lived? Why would someone live alone and far away from civilization like that?
Monks did live in deserts like hermits. The reason for this was that they wanted to follow Christ's demand for self denial. They believed they would be away from the world enough that the world would have no more hold on them. Of course, we know that sin is in our own hearts and we can't get away from ourselves, for if we try, we just take sin with us!
Monks gathered in private communities called 'monasteries' or 'abbeys'. Women would gather in places called convents. St. Benedict came up with some rules for monasteries around the year 540.
Monks and nuns took three vows. One was a vow of poverty, which meant that they would not personally own any property. The second was a vow of chastity, which stated that they would not marry. The third was a vow of obedience, in which they would submit to the rules of the abbot and the community in which they lived.
St. Benedict had learned from being a monk and had used his knowledge to write a document called, The Rule of St. Benedict. He wrote that a monastery should be self sufficient. Men would do manual work during the day, as well as have times of prayer and worship. Most of the literature, as well as the preservation of the Bible, was done by monks who lived in the monasteries.
Monasteries developed their own schools in order to educate young monks and children of nobility. At this time, the Roman Empire was beginning to decline, and the monasteries became the centers of learning. Monks were also sent out from monasteries to do evangelism. Some of these monks were; St. Patrick, Boniface, Cyril, and Methodius. They went out from Ireland to China. They worked hard to make sure God's word was available to many, many people.
Did you know the Greek word 'Monk' means solitary? How would you imagine a monk lived? Why would someone live alone and far away from civilization like that?
Monks did live in deserts like hermits. The reason for this was that they wanted to follow Christ's demand for self denial. They believed they would be away from the world enough that the world would have no more hold on them. Of course, we know that sin is in our own hearts and we can't get away from ourselves, for if we try, we just take sin with us!
Monks gathered in private communities called 'monasteries' or 'abbeys'. Women would gather in places called convents. St. Benedict came up with some rules for monasteries around the year 540.
Monks and nuns took three vows. One was a vow of poverty, which meant that they would not personally own any property. The second was a vow of chastity, which stated that they would not marry. The third was a vow of obedience, in which they would submit to the rules of the abbot and the community in which they lived.
St. Benedict had learned from being a monk and had used his knowledge to write a document called, The Rule of St. Benedict. He wrote that a monastery should be self sufficient. Men would do manual work during the day, as well as have times of prayer and worship. Most of the literature, as well as the preservation of the Bible, was done by monks who lived in the monasteries.
Monasteries developed their own schools in order to educate young monks and children of nobility. At this time, the Roman Empire was beginning to decline, and the monasteries became the centers of learning. Monks were also sent out from monasteries to do evangelism. Some of these monks were; St. Patrick, Boniface, Cyril, and Methodius. They went out from Ireland to China. They worked hard to make sure God's word was available to many, many people.
Today in History - February 16, 1923 - King Tut's Tomb Opened
King Tut's Tomb Opened - February 16, 1923
Months ago, we studied about King Tut and his reign in Egypt. He began his reign around 1334 B.C., and was around 9 years old. We learned a lot about this man from what was found in his tomb, in 1923, when archaeologist Howard Carter opened the sealed off room in which King Tut's mummified body lay. The Egyptians believed in pagan gods, and would provide rich treasures in the tombs of those who died. This was supposed to help them in the afterlife. Maybe it was to appease the gods they worshiped or perhaps the ancient Egyptians thought that the dead had an afterlife that would be benefitted by these rich treasures and food items.
On the web site www.history.com/this-day-in-history, there is a video on what happened today in History (Just a few clips). If you can skip over the commercial that would be good. On the video today, there are pictures of the exploration of the tomb where King Tut (Tutankhamen) was buried, as it was being exposed for the first time. This took place in the city of Thebes, in Egypt.
It is interesting to note that when observing a dead body, it is like a shell. The person isn't there any more. The person may have had a strong will or been a powerful ruler. Or he may have been a nobody. Everyone that has been born only has a certain amount of days to live their life on earth out. And then it is over. No matter how powerful a person believes he or she is, one day, that person will meet death. Death is the ultimate reminder that we are not in control. Something is bigger than us. And we need to be ready. The Gospel Conversation
Months ago, we studied about King Tut and his reign in Egypt. He began his reign around 1334 B.C., and was around 9 years old. We learned a lot about this man from what was found in his tomb, in 1923, when archaeologist Howard Carter opened the sealed off room in which King Tut's mummified body lay. The Egyptians believed in pagan gods, and would provide rich treasures in the tombs of those who died. This was supposed to help them in the afterlife. Maybe it was to appease the gods they worshiped or perhaps the ancient Egyptians thought that the dead had an afterlife that would be benefitted by these rich treasures and food items.
On the web site www.history.com/this-day-in-history, there is a video on what happened today in History (Just a few clips). If you can skip over the commercial that would be good. On the video today, there are pictures of the exploration of the tomb where King Tut (Tutankhamen) was buried, as it was being exposed for the first time. This took place in the city of Thebes, in Egypt.
It is interesting to note that when observing a dead body, it is like a shell. The person isn't there any more. The person may have had a strong will or been a powerful ruler. Or he may have been a nobody. Everyone that has been born only has a certain amount of days to live their life on earth out. And then it is over. No matter how powerful a person believes he or she is, one day, that person will meet death. Death is the ultimate reminder that we are not in control. Something is bigger than us. And we need to be ready. The Gospel Conversation
Wednesday, February 15, 2012
True History - Veritas Card #4 - The Council of Chalcedon
The Council of Chalcedon - 451
Down through the years of church history, there were always periods where heretical teachings had to be dealt with. There were heretics such as Arius, Apollinarius, and Eutyches who were spreading false teachings about the person of Christ. Some, such as Arius, struggled with the deity of Christ, but most actually struggled with the humanity of Christ. Many could not grasp the concept of a person being fully human and deity at the same time. It caused major divisions in the church.
We already covered the Council of Nicea which had officially resolved that Christ was truly God. Pope Leo I, aka Leo the Great, wrote a treatise which condemned Eutyches for his heresy, which, in turn, sparked a series of events which led up to the Council of Chalcedon in 451. About 600 bishops gathered together at the council to study the Scriptures and see what they would find concerning the humanity of Christ. The result was the Chalcedon Definition, in which the council affirmed the deity of Christ being in full agreement with the Nicene Creed, the full humanity of Christ, that Christ is one person, and that the deity of Christ and His humanity are not blurred.
Some of the Eastern churches, such as the Coptic church did not accept the position of the Council of Chalcedon. The Chalcedon Definition ended up creating division instead of unity in some places, even though the goal was to create unity in the churches. Finally, the Muslims took over the land and all the conflicts over this issue were ended.
Down through the years of church history, there were always periods where heretical teachings had to be dealt with. There were heretics such as Arius, Apollinarius, and Eutyches who were spreading false teachings about the person of Christ. Some, such as Arius, struggled with the deity of Christ, but most actually struggled with the humanity of Christ. Many could not grasp the concept of a person being fully human and deity at the same time. It caused major divisions in the church.
We already covered the Council of Nicea which had officially resolved that Christ was truly God. Pope Leo I, aka Leo the Great, wrote a treatise which condemned Eutyches for his heresy, which, in turn, sparked a series of events which led up to the Council of Chalcedon in 451. About 600 bishops gathered together at the council to study the Scriptures and see what they would find concerning the humanity of Christ. The result was the Chalcedon Definition, in which the council affirmed the deity of Christ being in full agreement with the Nicene Creed, the full humanity of Christ, that Christ is one person, and that the deity of Christ and His humanity are not blurred.
Some of the Eastern churches, such as the Coptic church did not accept the position of the Council of Chalcedon. The Chalcedon Definition ended up creating division instead of unity in some places, even though the goal was to create unity in the churches. Finally, the Muslims took over the land and all the conflicts over this issue were ended.
Today in History - February 15, 1898 - Battleship USS Maine Explodes in Havana Harbor
Battleship USS Maine Explodes - February 15, 1898
The battleship USS Maine explodes in the Havana Harbor in Cuba. The 6,000 ton battleship was carrying around 400 people, at least 260 were killed in the explosion. It was originally thought that the explosion was caused by a mine, planted by the Spanish, but after a more recent investigation, the cause was determined to be a fire, and the Spanish were no longer blamed for the action.
You can read more of this at: www.history.com/this-day-in-history
The battleship USS Maine explodes in the Havana Harbor in Cuba. The 6,000 ton battleship was carrying around 400 people, at least 260 were killed in the explosion. It was originally thought that the explosion was caused by a mine, planted by the Spanish, but after a more recent investigation, the cause was determined to be a fire, and the Spanish were no longer blamed for the action.
You can read more of this at: www.history.com/this-day-in-history
Tuesday, February 14, 2012
True History - Valentine's Day - February 14, 278
Valentine's Day - February 14, 278
When we think of Valentine's Day, we usually think of romance and card giving. Flowers and candy are symbols of Valentine's Day. But what really happened on the first Valentine's Day?
February 14th, 278, was not a happy day for St. Valentine. He was brought to trial, then clubbed to death and beheaded because he secretly married people who were in love. The ruler of Rome, Claudius the Cruel, stopped marriages and engagements from happening, possibly because the men were becoming attached to their lovers and families, and it was a hindrance to their ability to fight. Actually, there are a couple of legends that go with the story of St. Valentine, and no one knows exactly what the issues were and who the real St. Valentine was. Here is an excerpt from this mornings blog:
Today is that wonderful day that we celebrate called Valentine's Day. When I was in school in the 1960s and 70s, we used to exchange Valentine's Day cards with classmates. We also had parties. We never got off school though. Oh well, it was still a memorable holiday.
There are a couple of different accounts of the Valentine's Day story. One story goes like this; Rome was ruled by a cruel man named Claudius the Cruel, and this man was very military minded. He was so militant that he banned all engagements and marriages in Rome. He believed that men were not willing to participate in warfare because they were attached to their wives and fiances, and banning marriages and engagements would solve the problem, at least that is what he thought.
St. Valentine secretly married men and women. When he was caught, he was brought before the Roman Prefect, and was ordered to die. He was beaten with clubs and then beheaded. This happened in the year 270, most likely.
Before his death, he sent a note to the jailor's daughter, whom he had befriended. On the note it read, 'To my Valentine".
St. Valentine became a saint in 278 because of his good deeds. Today we celebrate this date by showing special affection to those we love. Even back then, people were persecuted for doing what is right. The same thing happens today. We live in a darkened world. When there is the light of God's love, there will always be opposition from the darkness. God is love, and He sent us a gift even more valuable than all the Valentine's Day cards put together. Let's ponder on God's love for us today.
You can read about the history of St. Valentine's Day at: www.history.com/this-day-in-history
When we think of Valentine's Day, we usually think of romance and card giving. Flowers and candy are symbols of Valentine's Day. But what really happened on the first Valentine's Day?
February 14th, 278, was not a happy day for St. Valentine. He was brought to trial, then clubbed to death and beheaded because he secretly married people who were in love. The ruler of Rome, Claudius the Cruel, stopped marriages and engagements from happening, possibly because the men were becoming attached to their lovers and families, and it was a hindrance to their ability to fight. Actually, there are a couple of legends that go with the story of St. Valentine, and no one knows exactly what the issues were and who the real St. Valentine was. Here is an excerpt from this mornings blog:
Today is that wonderful day that we celebrate called Valentine's Day. When I was in school in the 1960s and 70s, we used to exchange Valentine's Day cards with classmates. We also had parties. We never got off school though. Oh well, it was still a memorable holiday.
There are a couple of different accounts of the Valentine's Day story. One story goes like this; Rome was ruled by a cruel man named Claudius the Cruel, and this man was very military minded. He was so militant that he banned all engagements and marriages in Rome. He believed that men were not willing to participate in warfare because they were attached to their wives and fiances, and banning marriages and engagements would solve the problem, at least that is what he thought.
St. Valentine secretly married men and women. When he was caught, he was brought before the Roman Prefect, and was ordered to die. He was beaten with clubs and then beheaded. This happened in the year 270, most likely.
Before his death, he sent a note to the jailor's daughter, whom he had befriended. On the note it read, 'To my Valentine".
St. Valentine became a saint in 278 because of his good deeds. Today we celebrate this date by showing special affection to those we love. Even back then, people were persecuted for doing what is right. The same thing happens today. We live in a darkened world. When there is the light of God's love, there will always be opposition from the darkness. God is love, and He sent us a gift even more valuable than all the Valentine's Day cards put together. Let's ponder on God's love for us today.
You can read about the history of St. Valentine's Day at: www.history.com/this-day-in-history
Today in History - February 14, 278 - St. Valentine Beheaded
St. Valentine Beheaded - February 14, 278
Today is that wonderful day that we celebrate called Valentine's Day. When I was in school in the 1960s and 70s, we used to exchange Valentine's Day cards with classmates. We also had parties. We never got off school though. Oh well, it was still a memorable holiday.
There are a couple of different accounts of the Valentine's Day story. One story goes like this; Rome was ruled by a cruel man named Claudius the Cruel, and this man was very military minded. He was so militant that he banned all engagements and marriages in Rome. He believed that men were not willing to participate in warfare because they were attached to their wives and fiances, and banning marriages and engagements would solve the problem, at least that is what he thought.
St. Valentine secretly married men and women. When he was caught, he was brought before the Roman Prefect, and was ordered to die. He was beaten with clubs and then beheaded. This happened in the year 270, most likely.
Before his death, he sent a note to the jailor's daughter, whom he had befriended. On the note it read, 'To my Valentine".
St. Valentine became a saint in 278 because of his good deeds. Today we celebrate this date by showing special affection to those we love. Even back then, people were persecuted for doing what is right. The same thing happens today. We live in a darkened world. When there is the light of God's love, there will always be opposition from the darkness. God is love, and He sent us a gift even more valuable than all the Valentine's Day cards put together. Let's ponder on God's love for us today.
You can read about the history of St. Valentine's Day at: www.history.com/this-day-in-history
Today is that wonderful day that we celebrate called Valentine's Day. When I was in school in the 1960s and 70s, we used to exchange Valentine's Day cards with classmates. We also had parties. We never got off school though. Oh well, it was still a memorable holiday.
There are a couple of different accounts of the Valentine's Day story. One story goes like this; Rome was ruled by a cruel man named Claudius the Cruel, and this man was very military minded. He was so militant that he banned all engagements and marriages in Rome. He believed that men were not willing to participate in warfare because they were attached to their wives and fiances, and banning marriages and engagements would solve the problem, at least that is what he thought.
St. Valentine secretly married men and women. When he was caught, he was brought before the Roman Prefect, and was ordered to die. He was beaten with clubs and then beheaded. This happened in the year 270, most likely.
Before his death, he sent a note to the jailor's daughter, whom he had befriended. On the note it read, 'To my Valentine".
St. Valentine became a saint in 278 because of his good deeds. Today we celebrate this date by showing special affection to those we love. Even back then, people were persecuted for doing what is right. The same thing happens today. We live in a darkened world. When there is the light of God's love, there will always be opposition from the darkness. God is love, and He sent us a gift even more valuable than all the Valentine's Day cards put together. Let's ponder on God's love for us today.
You can read about the history of St. Valentine's Day at: www.history.com/this-day-in-history
Monday, February 13, 2012
True History - Veritas Card # 3 (Orange Card) - St. Jerome Completes the Vulgate
St. Jerome Completes the Vulgate - 405
During the time of Alexander, the common language of the people was Greek. During Jesus' time on earth, people in that part of the world spoke Aramaic. Many people also spoke Greek. About 200 B.C., the Old Testament was translated from Hebrew into Greek. This translation was known as the Septuagint, because it is thought that there were 70 translators working on it. It was written for the Jews in Egypt primarily, and others in various places that knew Greek. The Septuagint contained what is called the 'Apocrypha' which is the Greek word for 'hidden'. These books were of uncertain origin.
When the New Testament was written, it came down to us in Greek, since that was the common language of the people. The Christians that were in Rome were Greek speaking immigrants. Also, the inscription on the Cross was in Latin, Greek and Aramaic.
Athanasius, a man who stood up against heresy, wrote a Latin version of the Bible. He wanted people to be able to read the Bible in the language they understood (at this time, the common language was Latin). Because the version that Athansius had written was not very accurate, St. Jerome took it upon himself to translate the Bible into Latin in a more precise way. This version that was translated by Jerome was known as the 'Vulgate' which means common, ordinary language. St. Jerome lived in a cave near Bethlehem. He was a monk and had thoroughly studied the Hebrew language.
Athanasius did not include the Apocrypha as part of his translation, but St. Jerome included it in the new translation. French, Italian, and Spanish were languages that came from the Latin language and Latin was spoken throughout Europe for many, many years.
During the time of Alexander, the common language of the people was Greek. During Jesus' time on earth, people in that part of the world spoke Aramaic. Many people also spoke Greek. About 200 B.C., the Old Testament was translated from Hebrew into Greek. This translation was known as the Septuagint, because it is thought that there were 70 translators working on it. It was written for the Jews in Egypt primarily, and others in various places that knew Greek. The Septuagint contained what is called the 'Apocrypha' which is the Greek word for 'hidden'. These books were of uncertain origin.
When the New Testament was written, it came down to us in Greek, since that was the common language of the people. The Christians that were in Rome were Greek speaking immigrants. Also, the inscription on the Cross was in Latin, Greek and Aramaic.
Athanasius, a man who stood up against heresy, wrote a Latin version of the Bible. He wanted people to be able to read the Bible in the language they understood (at this time, the common language was Latin). Because the version that Athansius had written was not very accurate, St. Jerome took it upon himself to translate the Bible into Latin in a more precise way. This version that was translated by Jerome was known as the 'Vulgate' which means common, ordinary language. St. Jerome lived in a cave near Bethlehem. He was a monk and had thoroughly studied the Hebrew language.
Athanasius did not include the Apocrypha as part of his translation, but St. Jerome included it in the new translation. French, Italian, and Spanish were languages that came from the Latin language and Latin was spoken throughout Europe for many, many years.
Today in History - February 13, 1633- Galileo Goes to Rome for Inquisition
Galileo Goes to Rome for Inquisition - February 13, 1633
Did you know that Galileo was a philosopher, mathematician, and astronomer all at the same time? He was born in Pisa, Italy (think 'Leaning Tower of Pisa'. He held to the theory of Copernicus, which stated that everything revolves around the sun, not the earth as everyone wanted to believe. Do you see how easy it is for people to accept a comfortable thought or belief system, yet when it is challenged, anger rises? Anyway, Galileo was now being accused of heresy (and this is in the science field!) and is going for inquisition in Rome! Here is part of the article from www.history.com
On this day in 1633, Italian philosopher, astronomer and mathematician Galileo Galilei arrives in Rome to face charges of heresy for advocating Copernican theory, which holds that the Earth revolves around the Sun. Galileo officially faced the Roman Inquisition in April of that same year and agreed to plead guilty in exchange for a lighter sentence. Put under house arrest indefinitely by Pope Urban VIII, Galileo spent the rest of his days at his villa in Arcetri, near Florence, before dying on January 8, 1642.
You can read more on this from : www.history.com/this-day-in-history
Note: I also didn't realize that the sun-centered solar system conflicted with the Roman Catholic Church at that time. The Roman Inquisition was the judicial system established by the papacy to regulate church doctrine. That is why it was considered heresy. It was not only violating what was known (or thought of to be true) but it also went against church doctrine, which was essentially tied in with the governing powers. I always thought that the theory of the earth being the center of the solar system was strange. It appears to be a little 'self-centered'. Remember too, that this was only a theory. At some point it was disproved. Evolution is like that today. People accept it as fact, when it is only a theory, a theory with a lot of loose ends. Many features point to the opposite of evolution being valid, but people will scream that those features are not real, or they will come up with another confusing theory that will supposedly disprove that as well. You can have something right in front of your eyes, but if you don't want to believe, you will come up with anything to believe it's not true, for the sole reason that you don't want to accept it as true. The whole issue comes to choice. What are you going to believe?
Did you know that Galileo was a philosopher, mathematician, and astronomer all at the same time? He was born in Pisa, Italy (think 'Leaning Tower of Pisa'. He held to the theory of Copernicus, which stated that everything revolves around the sun, not the earth as everyone wanted to believe. Do you see how easy it is for people to accept a comfortable thought or belief system, yet when it is challenged, anger rises? Anyway, Galileo was now being accused of heresy (and this is in the science field!) and is going for inquisition in Rome! Here is part of the article from www.history.com
On this day in 1633, Italian philosopher, astronomer and mathematician Galileo Galilei arrives in Rome to face charges of heresy for advocating Copernican theory, which holds that the Earth revolves around the Sun. Galileo officially faced the Roman Inquisition in April of that same year and agreed to plead guilty in exchange for a lighter sentence. Put under house arrest indefinitely by Pope Urban VIII, Galileo spent the rest of his days at his villa in Arcetri, near Florence, before dying on January 8, 1642.
You can read more on this from : www.history.com/this-day-in-history
Note: I also didn't realize that the sun-centered solar system conflicted with the Roman Catholic Church at that time. The Roman Inquisition was the judicial system established by the papacy to regulate church doctrine. That is why it was considered heresy. It was not only violating what was known (or thought of to be true) but it also went against church doctrine, which was essentially tied in with the governing powers. I always thought that the theory of the earth being the center of the solar system was strange. It appears to be a little 'self-centered'. Remember too, that this was only a theory. At some point it was disproved. Evolution is like that today. People accept it as fact, when it is only a theory, a theory with a lot of loose ends. Many features point to the opposite of evolution being valid, but people will scream that those features are not real, or they will come up with another confusing theory that will supposedly disprove that as well. You can have something right in front of your eyes, but if you don't want to believe, you will come up with anything to believe it's not true, for the sole reason that you don't want to accept it as true. The whole issue comes to choice. What are you going to believe?
Sunday, February 12, 2012
True History - Veritas Card #2 - Barbarian Invasion and Vikings
Barbarian Invasion and Vikings - c. 400-1000
As we studied before, the Barbarians were people who were foreigners to the main ruling countries, and in this case, they were people who were not submitted to the Roman rule. The Barbarians and Vikings were active in a time that was known as the Middle Ages. They were fair-skinned people who were warriors. They scavenged any land that they conquered. There were three main groups of Barbarians who ravaged different areas. The Visigoths took Rome in 410. The German Barbarians entered Roman Gaul in 406, and the Vandals attacked Spain in 409. (The word 'vandalism' comes from this word 'Vandals') They eventually conquered North Africa in 429. In 410, the Visigoths took Rome, and the Saxons invaded England in 450. Attila the Hun was finally stopped in Gaul in 451.
There was another group known as the Vikings. The ravaged the European Coast from 800-1000. The Vikings were robbers who spent a lot of time on the sea to try to plunder new lands. They were light skinned people with blue eyes, mainly from Scandinavia.
In 1453, Mohammed II conquered Constantinople, which ended the influence of the Barbarians and Vikings. This was the end up these pillaging fighters for good.
As we studied before, the Barbarians were people who were foreigners to the main ruling countries, and in this case, they were people who were not submitted to the Roman rule. The Barbarians and Vikings were active in a time that was known as the Middle Ages. They were fair-skinned people who were warriors. They scavenged any land that they conquered. There were three main groups of Barbarians who ravaged different areas. The Visigoths took Rome in 410. The German Barbarians entered Roman Gaul in 406, and the Vandals attacked Spain in 409. (The word 'vandalism' comes from this word 'Vandals') They eventually conquered North Africa in 429. In 410, the Visigoths took Rome, and the Saxons invaded England in 450. Attila the Hun was finally stopped in Gaul in 451.
There was another group known as the Vikings. The ravaged the European Coast from 800-1000. The Vikings were robbers who spent a lot of time on the sea to try to plunder new lands. They were light skinned people with blue eyes, mainly from Scandinavia.
In 1453, Mohammed II conquered Constantinople, which ended the influence of the Barbarians and Vikings. This was the end up these pillaging fighters for good.
Friday, February 10, 2012
Today in History - February 10, 1763- The End of the French and Indian War
The End of the French and Indian War - February 10, 1763
I am not going to comment a whole lot on this event, but I will note that today, in 1763, this war came to an end. Also, today in History, Laura Ingalls Wilder, the woman who wrote the 'Little House' series, based upon her own life experiences, died in 1957. We loved reading the Little House series of books, and really learned about life in early America. It helps you appreciate the conveniences we have today, and to realize how much pain staking details were taken to make life work back then.
For more on these articles and other events that happened this day in History, please go to:
www.history.com/this-day-in-history/the-french-and-indian-war-ends
www.history.com/this-day-in-history/laura-ingalls-wilder-chronicler-of-american-frontier-life-dies
I am not going to comment a whole lot on this event, but I will note that today, in 1763, this war came to an end. Also, today in History, Laura Ingalls Wilder, the woman who wrote the 'Little House' series, based upon her own life experiences, died in 1957. We loved reading the Little House series of books, and really learned about life in early America. It helps you appreciate the conveniences we have today, and to realize how much pain staking details were taken to make life work back then.
For more on these articles and other events that happened this day in History, please go to:
www.history.com/this-day-in-history/the-french-and-indian-war-ends
www.history.com/this-day-in-history/laura-ingalls-wilder-chronicler-of-american-frontier-life-dies
Thursday, February 9, 2012
True History - Veritas Card # 32 (Green Card) - End of the Western Roman Empire
End of the Western Roman Empire - 476 A.D.
The Roman Empire had become a very strong, powerful empire. It had control over much of the known world at that time. Barbarians were people who were not of the powerful kingdoms of Greece, Persia, or Rome. Some of the groups of the Barbarians were the Visigoths, Huns, and the Vandals (possibly where the word for 'vandalism' comes from?). The emperors who came after Constantine were rather weak, and this lent itself to the demise of the Roman Empire due to the continual attacking of the Barbarians.
The fall of the Roman Empire came about from the breaking up of the empire into separate countries. The Vandals invaded Rome in 455. The last emperor of the West was Romulus Augustulus, and in 476, a German captain declared himself as King of Italy. Now the Western part of the Roman Empire was no longer in power. It was gone forever. But the influence of this empire will always be with us.
The Roman Empire had become a very strong, powerful empire. It had control over much of the known world at that time. Barbarians were people who were not of the powerful kingdoms of Greece, Persia, or Rome. Some of the groups of the Barbarians were the Visigoths, Huns, and the Vandals (possibly where the word for 'vandalism' comes from?). The emperors who came after Constantine were rather weak, and this lent itself to the demise of the Roman Empire due to the continual attacking of the Barbarians.
The fall of the Roman Empire came about from the breaking up of the empire into separate countries. The Vandals invaded Rome in 455. The last emperor of the West was Romulus Augustulus, and in 476, a German captain declared himself as King of Italy. Now the Western part of the Roman Empire was no longer in power. It was gone forever. But the influence of this empire will always be with us.
Today in History - February 9, 1587 - Mary, Queen of Scots Beheaded
Mary Queen of Scots Beheaded - February 9, 1587
“I fear the prayers of John Knox more than all the assembled armies of Europe.” is a well-known quote from Mary Queen of Scots.
She was born in Scotland in 1542, and six days after her birth, her father died. The throne would automatically go to her, so her mom sent her to France for her schooling and training. She married, then was widowed a year later. After that she came back to Scotland.
She married her cousin with the hopes of retaining the rights to the throne. But he was killed mysteriously, and her lover, the Earl of Bothwell, was the suspected killer. The marriage of the Earl of Bothwell and Mary Queen of Scots enraged the nobility. Mary was imprisoned, but escaped and returned to England, where she was welcomed by Queen Elizabeth. But there were suspicions of plots to overthrow Elizabeth and she was put under house arrest. Years later, a plot became known to murder Elizabeth and Mary Queen of Scots was brought to trial, convicted and sentenced to death. About twenty years later, in 1587, Mary Queen of Scots was beheaded because of treason. After the death of Elizabeth, in 1603, Mary Queen of Scot's son, James VI, took the throne of England, and ruled over Scotland, England and Ireland.
www.history.com/this-day-in-history/mary-queen-of-scots-beheaded
“I fear the prayers of John Knox more than all the assembled armies of Europe.” is a well-known quote from Mary Queen of Scots.
She was born in Scotland in 1542, and six days after her birth, her father died. The throne would automatically go to her, so her mom sent her to France for her schooling and training. She married, then was widowed a year later. After that she came back to Scotland.
She married her cousin with the hopes of retaining the rights to the throne. But he was killed mysteriously, and her lover, the Earl of Bothwell, was the suspected killer. The marriage of the Earl of Bothwell and Mary Queen of Scots enraged the nobility. Mary was imprisoned, but escaped and returned to England, where she was welcomed by Queen Elizabeth. But there were suspicions of plots to overthrow Elizabeth and she was put under house arrest. Years later, a plot became known to murder Elizabeth and Mary Queen of Scots was brought to trial, convicted and sentenced to death. About twenty years later, in 1587, Mary Queen of Scots was beheaded because of treason. After the death of Elizabeth, in 1603, Mary Queen of Scot's son, James VI, took the throne of England, and ruled over Scotland, England and Ireland.
www.history.com/this-day-in-history/mary-queen-of-scots-beheaded
Wednesday, February 8, 2012
True History - Veritas Card #1 (Orange Card) - St. Augustine Converts to Christianity
St. Augustine Converts to Christianity - 386
There was a lady named Monica, who was married to a wild man. Monica had a son by him and named him Augustine. Augustine, like his father, grew up to be a wild man. His mother prayed faithfully for him and Augustine came to Christ in 386. A week later, his mother died. Augustine was baptized by St. Ambrose, and became a monk. After that he became a priest, and eventually he became known as the 'Bishop of Hippo'. Hippo is in North Africa.
When Augustine was a young man, he studied different philosophies and religions. With his knowledge of the Scriptures developing, he was able to oppose the teachings of Pelagius and also that of the Donatists. The Donatists strived for a pure church, while Pelagius maintained that people are not born with sinful hearts. Pelagius believed that sinful behavior is learned from bad examples.
Augustine had two writings he accomplished. One was called, Confessions, which is a spiritual biography of his, and the other writing is called, City of God, which described two different communities; one human and the other was of God. It describes the tension of the two until the end of the world. Augustine's writings had a powerful impact upon the Christian community. Some think of Augustine as the greatest theologian since the Apostolic Age.
There was a lady named Monica, who was married to a wild man. Monica had a son by him and named him Augustine. Augustine, like his father, grew up to be a wild man. His mother prayed faithfully for him and Augustine came to Christ in 386. A week later, his mother died. Augustine was baptized by St. Ambrose, and became a monk. After that he became a priest, and eventually he became known as the 'Bishop of Hippo'. Hippo is in North Africa.
When Augustine was a young man, he studied different philosophies and religions. With his knowledge of the Scriptures developing, he was able to oppose the teachings of Pelagius and also that of the Donatists. The Donatists strived for a pure church, while Pelagius maintained that people are not born with sinful hearts. Pelagius believed that sinful behavior is learned from bad examples.
Augustine had two writings he accomplished. One was called, Confessions, which is a spiritual biography of his, and the other writing is called, City of God, which described two different communities; one human and the other was of God. It describes the tension of the two until the end of the world. Augustine's writings had a powerful impact upon the Christian community. Some think of Augustine as the greatest theologian since the Apostolic Age.
Tuesday, February 7, 2012
True History - Veritas Card #31 (Green Card) - The First Council of Nicea
The First Council of Nicea - 325 A.D.
We believe in one God,
the Father, the Almighty,
maker of heaven and earth,
of all that is, seen and unseen.
We believe in one God,
the Father, the Almighty,
maker of heaven and earth,
of all that is, seen and unseen.
We believe in one Lord, Jesus Christ,
the only Son of God,
eternally begotten of the Father,
God from God, Light from Light,
true God from true God,
begotten, not made,
of one Being with the Father.
Through him all things were made.
For us and for our salvation
he came down from heaven:
by the power of the Holy Spirit
he became incarnate from the Virgin Mary,
and was made man.
For our sake he was crucified under Pontius Pilate;
he suffered death and was buried.
On the third day he rose again
in accordance with the Scriptures;
he ascended into heaven
and is seated at the right hand of the Father.
He will come again in glory to judge the living and the dead,
and his kingdom will have no end.
the only Son of God,
eternally begotten of the Father,
God from God, Light from Light,
true God from true God,
begotten, not made,
of one Being with the Father.
Through him all things were made.
For us and for our salvation
he came down from heaven:
by the power of the Holy Spirit
he became incarnate from the Virgin Mary,
and was made man.
For our sake he was crucified under Pontius Pilate;
he suffered death and was buried.
On the third day he rose again
in accordance with the Scriptures;
he ascended into heaven
and is seated at the right hand of the Father.
He will come again in glory to judge the living and the dead,
and his kingdom will have no end.
We believe in the Holy Spirit, the Lord, the giver of life,
who proceeds from the Father and the Son.
With the Father and the Son he is worshiped and glorified.
He has spoken through the Prophets.
We believe in one holy catholic and apostolic Church.
We acknowledge one baptism for the forgiveness of sins.
We look for the resurrection of the dead,
and the life of the world to come. Amen.
who proceeds from the Father and the Son.
With the Father and the Son he is worshiped and glorified.
He has spoken through the Prophets.
We believe in one holy catholic and apostolic Church.
We acknowledge one baptism for the forgiveness of sins.
We look for the resurrection of the dead,
and the life of the world to come. Amen.
The above words are called the 'Nicene Creed'. In 325 A.D., there was a man named Arius, who was promoting a doctrine of heresy that believed that Jesus was not God in the flesh. Athanasius was a man who preached the doctrine of the deity of Christ, meaning that Jesus was God in the flesh. So Athanasius and Arius were opposed to one another and this opposition resulted in Constantine summoning 300 Christian bishops and deacons from the Eastern half of the Roman Empire to discuss this disputed doctrine of 'Arianism' and attempt to come up with an agreement about it.
These men met at the imperial palace in Nicea in 325 A.D. The Arians believed that, although Jesus was the highest of all creation, that He did not have the attributes of being God (for example, He did not exist in eternity past, is not the same essence as the Father). They believed Jesus was like God, but not really God in the flesh.
The result of the council condemned Arianism as heresy. The writing of the Nicene Creed (above) came out of this council as well. Here is what they concluded: 1. God the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit are One, 2. All three persons of the Godhead existed in eternity past, and 3. Jesus Christ and the Holy Spirit are God.
Fun Fact: Did you know that the original 'Santa Claus' (St. Nicholas of Myra) actually became angry with Arius and slapped him in the face!?
Today in History - February 7, 1964 - Beatles Land in the United States
Beatles Land in the United States - February 7, 1964
Today, in 1964, the Beatles took off from Heathrow, London in a Pan Am Clipper flight 101, and landed in Kennedy Airport in New York, being greeted by 300o screaming fans.
www.history.com/this-day-in-history
Today, in 1964, the Beatles took off from Heathrow, London in a Pan Am Clipper flight 101, and landed in Kennedy Airport in New York, being greeted by 300o screaming fans.
www.history.com/this-day-in-history
True History - Veritas Card # 30 (Green Card) - Constantine and the Edict of Milan
Constantine and the Edict of Milan - 313 A.D.
Yesterday we learned about how the Roman Empire was split in two parts, east and west. In the west, a ruler was raised up whose name was Constantine. There is a legend about him that we will learn about today. Supposedly Constantine had seen a vision in the sky that looked like a flaming cross. At the same time, he heard a voice say, "In this sign, conquer." After this vision, he had a dream in which the soldiers marked their shields with the Latin symbol for Jesus Christ. He converted to Christianity after the war was over and won.
One of the first things Constantine did following this victory, was to issue the Edict of Milan. In 313 A.D., Constantine met with Licinius, who was the ruler in the east, to discuss matters of the Empire. The Edict of Milan ended the persecution of Christians, that was so strong during this era. It formally legalized Christianity and had ended the age of Martyrs. At this point, the transition to the era of the 'Christian empire' had begun.
One of the things that Constantine had appeared to do was to make everyone become a Christian. The problem with that is that only God can work in a person's heart and make him or her a Christian. When someone tries to make someone else a Christian, it won't work unless God is already working in that person's heart. If you try to legalize Christianity, you will end up with many false converts. And God would not be honored in that.
Yesterday we learned about how the Roman Empire was split in two parts, east and west. In the west, a ruler was raised up whose name was Constantine. There is a legend about him that we will learn about today. Supposedly Constantine had seen a vision in the sky that looked like a flaming cross. At the same time, he heard a voice say, "In this sign, conquer." After this vision, he had a dream in which the soldiers marked their shields with the Latin symbol for Jesus Christ. He converted to Christianity after the war was over and won.
One of the first things Constantine did following this victory, was to issue the Edict of Milan. In 313 A.D., Constantine met with Licinius, who was the ruler in the east, to discuss matters of the Empire. The Edict of Milan ended the persecution of Christians, that was so strong during this era. It formally legalized Christianity and had ended the age of Martyrs. At this point, the transition to the era of the 'Christian empire' had begun.
One of the things that Constantine had appeared to do was to make everyone become a Christian. The problem with that is that only God can work in a person's heart and make him or her a Christian. When someone tries to make someone else a Christian, it won't work unless God is already working in that person's heart. If you try to legalize Christianity, you will end up with many false converts. And God would not be honored in that.
Monday, February 6, 2012
Today in History - February 6, 1928 - Anastasia Arrives in the United States
Anastasia Arrives in the United States - February 6, 1928
Anastasia was the only survivor when her family was murdered. She was the daughter of Nicholas II, and the family was all assassinated by Bolshevik soldiers in 1918. She is believed to have narrowly escaped being killed, but she claims her jaw was broken during the escape and she had come to New York City to have her jaw reset.
Many women had come forward, claiming to be Anastasia, because there was money reserved for her left by her father. Anastasia Tschaikovsky as she called herself, was the youngest daughter of Nicholas II. She was found in a canal in Berlin in 1920, and refused to tell who she was, as she thought her life was still in danger. Two years later she identified herself as Anastasia, the daughter of Nicholas II. She was committed to a mental institution for a period of time.
She did come over here to New York, and was welcomed by Gleb Botkin, who was the son of the Romanov's family doctor. He claimed to remember playing with Anastasia as a child.
But the story gets more complicated. After different types of investigations and testings, it appears that Anastasia may not have been our Anastasia that we are looking for, the missing daughter of Nicholas II of Russia. Is this the Anastasia we are looking for, or could it be someone else? For the full article on this go to: www.history.com/this-day-in-history/anastasia-arrives-in-the-united-states
Anastasia was the only survivor when her family was murdered. She was the daughter of Nicholas II, and the family was all assassinated by Bolshevik soldiers in 1918. She is believed to have narrowly escaped being killed, but she claims her jaw was broken during the escape and she had come to New York City to have her jaw reset.
Many women had come forward, claiming to be Anastasia, because there was money reserved for her left by her father. Anastasia Tschaikovsky as she called herself, was the youngest daughter of Nicholas II. She was found in a canal in Berlin in 1920, and refused to tell who she was, as she thought her life was still in danger. Two years later she identified herself as Anastasia, the daughter of Nicholas II. She was committed to a mental institution for a period of time.
She did come over here to New York, and was welcomed by Gleb Botkin, who was the son of the Romanov's family doctor. He claimed to remember playing with Anastasia as a child.
But the story gets more complicated. After different types of investigations and testings, it appears that Anastasia may not have been our Anastasia that we are looking for, the missing daughter of Nicholas II of Russia. Is this the Anastasia we are looking for, or could it be someone else? For the full article on this go to: www.history.com/this-day-in-history/anastasia-arrives-in-the-united-states
Sunday, February 5, 2012
True History - Veritas Card #29 (Green Card) - Split of the Roman Empire
Split of the Roman Empire - 286 A.D.
The Roman Empire had grown so large that it was impossible for just one man to control it. One reason that it was hard to have control was because no good means of communication were available at that time. So, in 284, a man named Diocletian became the emperor of the land. He realized his inabilities to have complete rule, so he divide the land into two parts. They were known as 'East' and 'West'. The capital city in the eastern portion was placed in Nicomedia. Diocletian then ruled from there, while Maximian ruled from the west, in which the capital city was Rome.
Diocletian, as many rulers in the past, did something dangerous. He did not fear God and proclaimed himself as a god. He demanded that the people worship him. He obviously did not know about the time Herod tried this and an angel of the Lord smote him and he died and was eaten by worms, when he tried to be a god. Many Christians refused to worship Diocletian, and as a result, they faced serious persecution. Both Diocletian and Maximian selected new rulers that would succeed them after they resigned. After this, a civil war broke out because many selfish men wanted to rule. Out of these men came Constantine, who was successful in becoming the next ruler.
The Roman Empire had grown so large that it was impossible for just one man to control it. One reason that it was hard to have control was because no good means of communication were available at that time. So, in 284, a man named Diocletian became the emperor of the land. He realized his inabilities to have complete rule, so he divide the land into two parts. They were known as 'East' and 'West'. The capital city in the eastern portion was placed in Nicomedia. Diocletian then ruled from there, while Maximian ruled from the west, in which the capital city was Rome.
Diocletian, as many rulers in the past, did something dangerous. He did not fear God and proclaimed himself as a god. He demanded that the people worship him. He obviously did not know about the time Herod tried this and an angel of the Lord smote him and he died and was eaten by worms, when he tried to be a god. Many Christians refused to worship Diocletian, and as a result, they faced serious persecution. Both Diocletian and Maximian selected new rulers that would succeed them after they resigned. After this, a civil war broke out because many selfish men wanted to rule. Out of these men came Constantine, who was successful in becoming the next ruler.
Friday, February 3, 2012
Today in History - February 3, 1959 - The Day the Music Died
The Day the Music Died - February 3, 1959
If you ever heard Don Mclean's song, American Pie, you would appreciate what that song is making reference to. It is telling about an incident that happened in 1959, when a plane crashed and three men were killed. One of the men was Buddy Holly. The plane was headed to Minnesota from Iowa when it crashed shortly after takeoff.
Buddy Holly's band was called 'The Crickets' and he wrote 'Peggy Sue' and 'That'll Be the Day'. The other men who were also killed in the crash were, Ritchie Valens, and J.P. Richardson, known as 'The Big Bopper'. Holly was only 22 when he died.
Read more at: www.history.com/this-day-in-history/the-day-the-music-died
If you ever heard Don Mclean's song, American Pie, you would appreciate what that song is making reference to. It is telling about an incident that happened in 1959, when a plane crashed and three men were killed. One of the men was Buddy Holly. The plane was headed to Minnesota from Iowa when it crashed shortly after takeoff.
Buddy Holly's band was called 'The Crickets' and he wrote 'Peggy Sue' and 'That'll Be the Day'. The other men who were also killed in the crash were, Ritchie Valens, and J.P. Richardson, known as 'The Big Bopper'. Holly was only 22 when he died.
Read more at: www.history.com/this-day-in-history/the-day-the-music-died
Thursday, February 2, 2012
True History - Veritas Card #28 - Pompeii Burns
Pompeii Burns - 79 A.D.
In Rome, there was a prosperous, little city called 'Pompeii'. Wealthy Romans would spend their summers there. Shortly after Titus became emperor, on August 24, 79 A.D., the Romans living in Pompeii were taken by surprise! A small cloud appeared over the land and before the people actually knew what was happening, a volcano (Mount Vesuvius) had erupted. It buried the entire city in lava. Can you imagine that kind of tragedy? That summer day in 79 A.D., around 2,000 people died in this catastrophe. It reminds us that know one really can be sure of living many years to come. Death came suddenly for many people.
It was during the 16th century when Pompeii was rediscovered. Excavation efforts began 200 years later. Because of the volcanic ash, everything was well preserved. We have been able to learn much about ancient Roman life from the discovery of the ruins of Pompeii. We can also learn that we cannot take life for granted. The Bible says that our life is like a vapor. It is only here for a short time, and we need to prepare for the next life. For more information on that, you can go to www.thegospelconversation.blogspot.com
In Rome, there was a prosperous, little city called 'Pompeii'. Wealthy Romans would spend their summers there. Shortly after Titus became emperor, on August 24, 79 A.D., the Romans living in Pompeii were taken by surprise! A small cloud appeared over the land and before the people actually knew what was happening, a volcano (Mount Vesuvius) had erupted. It buried the entire city in lava. Can you imagine that kind of tragedy? That summer day in 79 A.D., around 2,000 people died in this catastrophe. It reminds us that know one really can be sure of living many years to come. Death came suddenly for many people.
It was during the 16th century when Pompeii was rediscovered. Excavation efforts began 200 years later. Because of the volcanic ash, everything was well preserved. We have been able to learn much about ancient Roman life from the discovery of the ruins of Pompeii. We can also learn that we cannot take life for granted. The Bible says that our life is like a vapor. It is only here for a short time, and we need to prepare for the next life. For more information on that, you can go to www.thegospelconversation.blogspot.com
Today in History - February 2, 1887 - The First Groundhog Day
The First Groundhog Day - February 2, 1887
Did you know that the first animal used for the groundhog experiment was a hedgehog? The groundhog was used to determine how many more weeks of winter weather would be. According to Christian History, the roots of Groundhog Day were started. On Candlemas Day, the clergy would determine how many candles were going to be needed. The candles would represent how long and cold the winter was going to be. According to the tradition, if a groundhog came out of its hole during this day, and if it sees its shadow, that means that there would be six more weeks of winter. If the groundhog doesn't see its shadow then spring will come early that year.
Groundhogs are basically woodchucks, and they live for about eight years. They weigh around 12-15 pounds and eat vegetables.
When the Germans came to America, and settled in Pennsylvania, they switched from using a hedgehog to using the groundhog.
For more on this story, go to www.history.com/this-day-in-history
Did you know that the first animal used for the groundhog experiment was a hedgehog? The groundhog was used to determine how many more weeks of winter weather would be. According to Christian History, the roots of Groundhog Day were started. On Candlemas Day, the clergy would determine how many candles were going to be needed. The candles would represent how long and cold the winter was going to be. According to the tradition, if a groundhog came out of its hole during this day, and if it sees its shadow, that means that there would be six more weeks of winter. If the groundhog doesn't see its shadow then spring will come early that year.
Groundhogs are basically woodchucks, and they live for about eight years. They weigh around 12-15 pounds and eat vegetables.
When the Germans came to America, and settled in Pennsylvania, they switched from using a hedgehog to using the groundhog.
For more on this story, go to www.history.com/this-day-in-history
Wednesday, February 1, 2012
True History - Veritas Card #27 - Destruction of Jerusalem
Destruction of Jerusalem - 70 A.D.
As we learned recently, the city of Jerusalem, along with many other places in the known world back then, was under Roman rule. The Jews were very concerned about the Romans taking over, as they made references in the Bible concerning this very thing. Well, what they feared came to pass in 70 A.D. and here is how it happened;
The Jews rebelled against Roman rule. They refused to obey Rome, nor would they pay any money to Rome. Titus, son of Vespasian the emperor, was sent with an army to put an end to the rebellion. The Jews were trying hard to protect the city, but eventually, the Romans broke through the walls. The Jews then wanted to and tried hard to protect the Temple. But the Temple was burned by the Roman soldiers. The Jews that had not been killed, were either sold into slavery or they ended up being killed. Well, to show off the victory of the Romans, they built an arch in the Roman forum which depicted Titus and his army leaving Jerusalem carrying out the Menorah, which was the seven branched candlestick that is lit during Chanukah. It has a special memory because it represents the candle that stayed lit during the time of the Maccabees when the Greeks were defiling the Second Temple. There was only a small amount of oil and the candle was lit and miraculously stayed lit for eight days. Today this is called the 'Festival of Lights'.
Some people believe that the destruction of this Temple was prophesied in Matthew 24. Many also believe that this event is what John spoke of in the book of Revelation.
As we learned recently, the city of Jerusalem, along with many other places in the known world back then, was under Roman rule. The Jews were very concerned about the Romans taking over, as they made references in the Bible concerning this very thing. Well, what they feared came to pass in 70 A.D. and here is how it happened;
The Jews rebelled against Roman rule. They refused to obey Rome, nor would they pay any money to Rome. Titus, son of Vespasian the emperor, was sent with an army to put an end to the rebellion. The Jews were trying hard to protect the city, but eventually, the Romans broke through the walls. The Jews then wanted to and tried hard to protect the Temple. But the Temple was burned by the Roman soldiers. The Jews that had not been killed, were either sold into slavery or they ended up being killed. Well, to show off the victory of the Romans, they built an arch in the Roman forum which depicted Titus and his army leaving Jerusalem carrying out the Menorah, which was the seven branched candlestick that is lit during Chanukah. It has a special memory because it represents the candle that stayed lit during the time of the Maccabees when the Greeks were defiling the Second Temple. There was only a small amount of oil and the candle was lit and miraculously stayed lit for eight days. Today this is called the 'Festival of Lights'.
Some people believe that the destruction of this Temple was prophesied in Matthew 24. Many also believe that this event is what John spoke of in the book of Revelation.
Today in History - February 1, 1974 - Serial Killer Ted Bundy Strikes Again
Serial Killer Ted Bundy Strikes Again - February 1, 1974
This killer made his way through three different states murdering women and eluding the authorities. He was known to wear a cast and drive a volkswagen. The day came when he finally met his fate.
Here is an excerpt from www.history.com:
This killer made his way through three different states murdering women and eluding the authorities. He was known to wear a cast and drive a volkswagen. The day came when he finally met his fate.
Here is an excerpt from www.history.com:
University of Washington student Lynda Ann Healy disappears from her apartment and is killed by Ted Bundy. The murder marked Bundy's entry into the ranks of serial killers as he had recently attacked his first victim, Sharon Clarke, in her Seattle home. By the time he was finally captured on April 27, 1979, Bundy had become America's most famous serial killer.
In the summer of 1974, Bundy attacked at least seven young women in Washington. Bundy's victims looked remarkably similar to each other: Nearly all of them had long, dark hair parted in the middle. Those who knew him said that he was very smart and personable and he used his charm to pick up his victims. In another gambit, he also used a fake cast on his arm to appear less threatening.
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